It is easy to make a qualified purchase, but it is difficult to make an excellent purchase. If you just think of purchasing as a shopping process, it’s superficial. We should look at procurement from a systematic perspective. Procurement involves all aspects of the company. Finance, production, operations, and sales can have a big impact on the rest of the team.
Procurement work
Purchasing personnel category
First, strategic procurement
As the name implies, strategic procurement starts from the company’s strategic perspective, requiring procurement personnel to formulate and implement the company’s material plan according to the company’s business strategy needs. Including the search and development of suppliers, the establishment and implementation of the supplier evaluation system, and supplier management.
- Supplier search and development.
Generally speaking, the development of suppliers includes supply market competition analysis, finding qualified suppliers, evaluating potential suppliers, inquiring and quoting, negotiating contract terms, and finally selecting suppliers.
In the process of supplier development, we must first conduct a competitive analysis of specific market categories to understand who is the market leader, what is the current development trend of the market, and what is the positioning of the main suppliers in the market. Have a general understanding. In most multinational companies, the basic principle of supplier development is the Q.C.D.S principle, that is, the principle of equal emphasis on quality, cost, delivery, and service.
- Establishment and implementation of supplier evaluation system.
Any procurement behavior, errors in a certain link may lead to follow-up problems. Therefore, in order to strengthen supplier management, we need to establish an evaluation system and strictly implement it.
In the process of developing suppliers, the suppliers need to be audited, and the text clearly stipulates the requirements, including hard standards, tolerable items, and corrective measures.
So in the procurement process, what if there are delays and quality problems? How to deal with and analyze to solve the above-mentioned problems? At this time, there needs to be a standard. The standard is a supplier evaluation system, based on objective data, to comprehensively evaluate the results of the supplier’s work.
- Supplier management.
Cost control: suppliers with low prices may not be able to win, and other purchasing factors must be considered comprehensively.
Time node control: It is necessary to control the supplier’s progress and plan at all times to deal with emergencies; at the same time, it is necessary to have a comprehensive grasp of warehousing and logistics. Out of stock often occurs, but the key is how to replenish the stock in time.
Supplier relationship maintenance: Sometimes it is necessary to train suppliers to deal with various problems encountered during order execution.
Second, daily purchases.
Daily purchasing requires purchasing personnel to send demand information to suppliers in the form of purchase orders according to the determined supply agreements and terms, as well as the company’s material demand time plan, and arrange and track the entire logistics process to ensure that materials arrive at the company on time. Obtain the right quality and quantity resources for the company’s operations at the right time, place, and price to support the normal operation of the company.
Strong ability to work.
Purchasing is a very complex and demanding job, and the basic work abilities that the purchaser should have are also very diverse, and they must have high analysis, forecasting and expression skills.
Skills of analyze.
First of all, procurement expenses are the main part of the manufacturing cost of a company. Therefore, purchasers must first be cost-conscious and plan carefully; secondly, they must have a cost-effective concept. For items of use-value, compare input (cost) and recycling (usage, timeliness, loss, maintenance times, etc.) at any time.
After receiving the quotation from each supplier after the inquiry starts, you must have good data processing capabilities. This ability can help you find the imbalance of the supplier’s quotation, the rigorous quotation of the supplier, and the supplier’s profit point.
The content of the quotation must have analytical skills-the total price cannot be compared, and the raw materials, labor, tools, taxes, profits, delivery time, payment terms, etc. must be analyzed and judged one by one on the same basis.
Ability to predict.
In the modern dynamic economic environment, the purchase price and supply of materials are often adjusted and changed. The purchaser should judge whether the supply is sufficient based on various production and sales data; through contact with suppliers, from the attitude of sales, to figure out the possible supply of materials; Judging from the rise and fall of material prices, it is inferred how much the procurement cost has been affected. In short, buyers must broaden their horizons, have the ability to observe language and colors, and plan for the future supply trend of materials.
expression ability.
This includes negotiation skills, balance skills, communication skills, social skills, etc.
Whether the buyer communicates with the supplier in language or text, he must be able to correctly and clearly express the various conditions of the purchase, such as specifications, quantity, price, delivery period, payment method, etc., to avoid ambiguity and misunderstanding. In the busy procurement work, the purchaser must be equipped with long-speaking, concise and concise expression skills, so as not to waste time; knowing the reason and moving with emotion to fight for the purchase conditions is the expression skills that the purchaser must exercise.
Clear thinking.
Every company has its own work process and ideas, so no matter what the situation, a good purchase must have a clear working idea, and the idea of not doing the project will be a mess.
Purchasing knowledge
Professional knowledge and experience.
The degree of product recognition is the core competitiveness of procurement, because only by understanding the purchased materials can we have the capital to negotiate with suppliers.
Some purchasers believe that the purchaser is not engaged in research and development work, and often has the help of enterprise engineering and technical personnel and quality control personnel, so there is no need to master too much professional knowledge. Purchasers holding this view must realize that those who can People who support you are not always by your side, and sometimes they may not be able to help you for various reasons.
Good ethics.
First, integrity.
Honesty is the most basic quality of buying, and the first thing to do is to get the trust of others. There is no difference between orders processed by buyers and banknotes, so it is inevitable to be surrounded by profit-seeking suppliers. Whether it is a threat or a temptation, the buyer must remain calm, and it is difficult for people who value profit and forget their righteousness to do the job of buying.
Second, dedication and persistence.
Buyers need to spend more time understanding market trends and find more suppliers. In addition, they need to help senior executives to plan purchasing strategies. Therefore, they will be particularly busy at the beginning of the year or every year. Buyers must invest without complaint. in. Sometimes calling less and writing less emails, the consequences may be immeasurable.
Third, peace of mind.
There are three main aspects. First, when others doubt your income, don’t mess around, don’t be afraid of others’ comments, don’t be afraid of the shadow crooked; In a department, sometimes the supplier may be very thick. At this time, keep a good attitude and calmness.
Fourth, modest and patient.
Buyers must not rely on their own feelings when choosing products or product combinations. They must use scientific methods to reasonably analyze consumer needs and market trends, present the results of the analysis objectively, and choose the most beneficial products without being affected by subjective prejudice.
In short, an excellent procurement staff can train a group of high-quality supply partners for the company (compared with ordinary suppliers, supply partners can provide better funding, technology and post-service support, and can even share risks and gains and losses) . The leverage effect of purchasing can be used to create profits for the company.